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Recommended
Varieties of Fruits,
Nuts &
Berries
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APPLE
(very short-lived,
high maintenance)
South of Hwy 90/IH 10:
'Adina'- large, red to purple-red
fruit
'Anna' - large, yellow fruit
with faint red blush
'Dorsett Golden' - yellow
with faint pink blush
'Ein Shemer' - crisp, yellow
fruit
North of Hwy 90/IH 10:
'Adina'- large, red to purple-red
fruit
'Dorsett Golden' - yellow
with faint pink blush
'Gala' - orange-Yellow to
almost totally red-blushed
'Granny Smith' - crisp,
tart, green fruit
'Mollies Delicious' - large,
red-blushed fruit
'Mutsu' - yellowish-green
with a slight orangey blush
Southern Edwards Plateau:
'Fuji' - reddish-green,
medium-sized fruit
'Golden Delicious' - greenish-yellow
to yellow fruit
'Granny Smith' - crisp,
tart, green fruit
'Holland' - very large,
pale-red fruit
'Jerseymac'- firm, mostly-red
fruit
'Jonagold' - greenish-yellow
with red blush
'Mollies Delicious'- large,
red-blushed fruit
'Mutsu' - yellowish-green
with a slight orangey blush
'Red Delicious' - crimson,
very juicy
(All Apples are highly
susceptible to Cotton Root Rot.)
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APRICOT
(apricots
are not well-adapted to this region;
Plumcots
and Peachcots give better results)
'Blenheim' - orange fruit with
yellow flesh
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ASIAN
PEAR
(long-lived,
low maintenance)
'Shinko' - excellent, sweet
flavor, highly rated
'Ya Li' - pear-shaped, sweet,
most popular in China
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BLACKBERRY
(long-lived,
moderate maintenance)
'Brazos' - large, tart fruit
'Brison' - large fruit,
sweeter than 'Brazos'
'Navajo' - thornless variety
'Rosborough' - firm fruit
with tiny seeds
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BLUEBERRY
(must have
an acid soil; the Rabbiteye cultivars are grown in
east Texas
and in a few sites near Fredericksburg; not recommended)
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CITRUS
(roots
long-lived, low maintenance)
'Chang-Sha' Tangerine - seedy,
but very cold-hardy
'Ichang Lemon' - large,
warty, green novelty fruit
Satsuma Mandarin Orange
(require winter protection): 'Armstrong', 'Kimbrough' and 'Owari'
- highest quality, adapted citrus for this area
Yuzuquat - kumquat crossed
with the very cold-hardy Citrus yuzu; very, very tart
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FIG
(long-lived,
very low maintenance)
'Alma' - heavy producer of closed-eye
fruit
'Celeste' - very productive,
with small, dark fruit
'Green Ischia' - the old-fashioned
'Strawberry Fig', green skinned with red flesh
'LSU Fig' and 'Red-Gold
Fig' - bear fruit on new wood; good for colder areas
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GRAPE
(long-lived,
moderate maintenance)
'Armalaga' = 'Armlong' X 'Malaga'
- large to very large clusters; berry large, clear yellowish-white
'Bailey' = 'Big Berry' X
'Triumph' - very large clusters of large, black berries
'Brilliant' = 'Lindley'
X 'Delaware' - large, light-red berry
'Carman' = 'Premier' X 'Triumph'
- large to very large clusters; berries of medium size, black
'Champanel' = Vitis champinii
X 'Worden' - large, black, juicy berry
'Ellen Scott' = 'Armlong'
X 'Malaga' - cluster very large; berry violet, large to very large
'Elvicand' = 'Elvira' X
native mustang grape - red berries of medium size
'Extra' = 'Big Berry' X
'Triumph' - dark purple berry is medium to large
'Ladano' = 'Salado' X 'Headlight'
- berry purplish-red, medium size
'Lomanto' = 'Salado' X 'Pense'
- medium to large black berry
'Lukfata' = Vitis champinii
X
'Moore Early' - large berries; heat and lime tolerant, like 'Champanel'
'Nitodal' = 'Salado' X 'Pense'
- berry a translucent dark red
'Orlando' - a seedless selection
with small fruit. The only Pierce's-Disease- resistant, seedless
variety; but berry is too small
'Sabinal' = 'Salado' X 'Brilliant'
- berry very large, and pale clear red
'Valhallah' = 'Elvicand'
X 'Brilliant' - clusters small to medium; berries dark red
avoid all vinifera
varieties ('Thompson's seedless', etc.)
avoid all labrusca
varieties
('Catawba', 'Concord', 'Niagara', etc.)
avoid 'Black Spanish'
= 'Lenoir' (highly susceptible to fungal diseases)
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JUJUBE
(long-lived,
very low maintenance; suckering habit of
thorny
rootstock can cause problems)
'Lang' - reddish-brown, pear-shaped
fruit for preserves
'Li' - very-large, date-like
fruit
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NECTARINE
(very high
maintenance crops; not recommended)
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OLIVE
(long-lived
only in Mediterranean climates, high maintenance; not recommended)
The olive of commerce, Olea
europaea, is listed in standard horticultural references as a Zone
9 plant. San Antonio is located in hardiness zone 8, ten degrees colder
than Zone 9. There were Olives that grew for many years in protected sites
in San Antonio, but all were killed by the very low temperatures of December,
1983 and December, 1989. If you believe that global warming is here to
stay and wish to try one or two, plant them only in the sandy soils south,
southeast and east of here to avoid the Cotton Root Rot present in the
black, clay soils derived from limestone.
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PEACH
(short-lived,
very high maintenance)
'Frank' - beautiful and productive,
a large cling fruit
'Hale Haven' - yellow freestone
'Harvester' - for the Hill
Country, yellow freestone
'June Gold' - very popular,
semi-cling
'La Feliciana' -yellow freestone
'La Percher' - excellent
flavor, semi-cling
'Loring' - large, yellow-fleshed
freestone
'Sentinel' - for the Hill
Country, large, semi-freestone
'Tex-Royal' - for the Hill
Country, better than 'Tex-Star'
'Tex-Star' - yellow semi-freestone
avoid my favorite,
'Sam Houston' (very susceptible to bacterial diseases)
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PEAR
(long-lived,
low maintenance)
'Ayres' - very sweet, smooth
texture; practically immune to fireblight
'Fan-Still' - fruit lacks
grit cells, fireblight resistant
'Garber' - pale-yellow,
apple-shaped fruit, fireblight resistant
'Monterrey' - large, yellow
fruit, very few grit cells
'Warren' - great flavor
and smooth texture; practically immune to fireblight
avoid fireblight-prone
varieties like: 'Bartlett', 'LeConte', 'Streetman', etc.
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PECAN
(long-lived,
moderate maintenance)
'Cheyenne' - medium-sized nut
of good quality
'Choctaw' - large nut of
excellent quality
'Desirable' - large, high-quality
nut
'Kiowa' - like 'Desirable',
bears sooner
'Little Gem' - preferred
rootstock in shallow, limestone soils
avoid large kernel
varieties which seldom fill completely: 'Mahan', 'Podsednik', etc.
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PERSIMMON
(long-lived,
low maintenance)
'Chocolate' - Excellent pollinator.
ASTRINGENT, medium-sized fruits are oblong-cylindrical with rounded apex
and red-orange skin. Tasty, juicy, chocolate-brown flesh.
'Eureka' - ASTRINGENT, very
high quality red fruit
'Fuyu' - Excellent pollinator.
Medium to large fruits are non-astringent even when firm, deep tomato-red
and glossy. Flesh is light orange. The leading commercial variety.
'Hachiya' - ASTRINGENT,
very large, conical, orange-red fruit
'Izu'- Non-Astringent, excellent,
orange-red, medium-large fruit; ripens very early
'Maru' - Medium-sized fruits
are non-astringent, orange-red, broad, with a rounded apex. Flesh
is dark-cinnamon, sweet, with a rich quality.
'Matsumoto Wase' - A recently-introduced
variety with large, rounded non-astringent fruits. The melting flesh
is sweet. Matures earlier than 'Fuyu'.
'Meakawa Jiro' - large to
very large fruits are non-astringent, four-sided and orange-yellow with
glossy skin and characteristic shallow grooves on the surface. Matures
one week before 'Fuyu'.
'Nishimura Wase' - Medium
to large fruits are non-astringent and orange-red. This newer variety
is the earliest to ripen and has very sweet, chocolate-brown flesh.
'Suruga' - Non-Astringent,
very large, orange-red fruit; ripens late
'Tamopan' - ASTRINGENT,
very large, orange fruit with a "waist"
'Tanenashi' - ASTRINGENT,
conical, light orange-red fruit
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PLUM
(short-lived,
moderate maintenance)
'Methley' - purple skin and
amber flesh, self-fertile
avoid 'Santa Rosa'
(very susceptible to bacterial diseases)
avoid all other varieties
(pollination or chilling requirement problems)
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RASPBERRY
(almost
impossible to produce flavorful fruit; not recommended)
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STRAWBERRY
(short-lived,
very high maintenance)
'Chandler' - a popular commercial
variety
'Douglas' - high yields
of very large fruit
'Selva' - heat-tolerant,
everbearing variety
'Sequoia' - large, high-quadty
fruit
'Tioga' - plant only if
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